Gondwana assembled before Pangaea. The lands forming northern Pangaea also had different histories, and breakup unfolded in stages. Compare 500, 250, 180 and 0 Ma to explore the history behind the two names.
Annual surface temperature from CESM (T): a model estimate, not a direct observation of the past.
0 Ma: pre-industrial climate/CO₂; modern sea-level and O₂ references.
Glacial-interglacial cycles with 120m+ sea level swings. Homo sapiens spread from Africa across the globe, and most megafauna went extinct.
Annual model means · 0 Ma: pre-industrial
Present