Niagara: a waterfall retreating upstream

Exploration · Quaternary

Niagara: a waterfall retreating upstream

Since the last Ice Age · erosion process

Imagined waterfall and gorge formation · not a dated reconstruction of the actual landscape.

The falls retreated roughly 11 km over about 12,500 years. The rate varied; flow regulation and engineering also affect modern erosion. Diagram motion shows the explanation, not an actual rate.